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European Nightjar

Caprimulgus europaeus Linnaeus, 1758
Кәдімгі тентекқұс
European Nightjar male 1 / 3

male Almaty, Republic Square

all species photos · 208 →
status in Kazakhstan
nests here · on migration
conservation status
IUCN LCleast concern
sizes
26–⁠28 cm, wingspan 54–⁠60 cmweight 60–⁠110 g
when to see it
April — October
on the site
208 observationslast: 27 Oct 2026

Description

Размером с дрозда. Во внешности примечательны большие черные глаза и очень маленький клюв в сочетании с огромным "лягушачьим" разрезом рта. Крылья и хвост длинные, ножки маленькие. В полете похож на кукушку. Окраска под цвет лесной подстилки, пятнистая, в основном из серых, бурых и ржавчатых тонов. Размером самец и самка одинаковые, самец немного светлее самки и имеет сигнальные белые пятна на концах крыльев и на внешних рулевых, у летящего козодоя их видно даже в глубоких сумерках как сверху, так и снизу. Молодые похожи на самку (без белых пятен на крыльях и хвосте), но в целом немного светлее, белые пятна по бокам горла маленькие или их нет. Вес 60-110 г, длина 26-28, крыло 18.4-20.2, размах 54-60 см.

Distribution

European Nightjar breeds and occurs on migration everywhere in Kazakhstan. Please see the detailed distribution of breeding ranges and pass territories of the different subspecies in the section Subspecies.
  1. I
  2. II
  3. III
  4. IV
  5. V
  6. VI
  7. VII
  8. VIII
  9. IX
  10. X
  11. XI
  12. XII
  • Breeding
  • Migration
  • Wintering

Map © Birds.kz. Copying without permission is prohibited

Subspecies

Latest observations

all species photos · 208 →

Biology

Common, in places rare breeding migrant. Inhabits the steppe forest patches, riparian forests, sandy deserts and low old mountains with bushes and reed-beds on streams. On Altai inhabits meadow-steppe belt with bushes and rocks at altitudes 1450-1600 m, and in Western Tien Shan lives in juniper-tree forests at altitudes up to 2000 m. Arrives in end of April – May, migration finishes in early June. Doesn’t build the, lays eggs on bare ground. Clutch of 2 eggs is laid in mid-May to end June. Very late breeding observed in Zaysan depression, where clutch was found 21 July 1995 and chicks were hatched on July 25th. Incubation is 17-18 days. Both parents feed juveniles. Probably re-nests after loss of first clutch. Autumn migration begins in August, mass flight occurs in September, latest birds recorded in end of October (24 October 2000). On Chokpak Pass in spring 184 europaeus, 532 sarudnyi, 110 unwini and 44 plumipes were ringed; in autumn - 158 europaeus, 209 sarudnyi, 174 unwini and 45 plumipes.

Sources

Gavrilov E. I., Gavrilov A. E. "The Birds of Kazakhstan". Almaty, 2005. Э.И.Гаврилов. "Фауна и распространение птиц Казахстана". Алматы, 1999. В.К.Рябицев. "Птицы Урала, Приуралья и Западной Сибири". Екатеринбург, Изд-во Уральского университета, 2000.